Personality, Perception and Attribution

http://www.mscareergirl.com/2010/08/10/perception-is-reality/ taken September 8 2010

In the world, the behavior of each person defines who he/she is and how he or she interacts in the in the real life. Constantly mankind is influence by other people, by religion or by the world tendencies.

There are some theories that help us understand the personality in all of us:
Trait theory is a major approach to the study of human personality, created by Gordon Allport. Trait theorists are primarily interested in the measurement of traits, which can be defined as habitual patterns of behavior, thought, and emotion. Allport defines inside his theory 5 different ways to analyzed the personality of a person, he call them The "Big Five" also referred to as the "Five-Factor Model" which are: Openness to Experience/Intellect: how creative and narrow a person can be when its explore new things in its life or in its work; conscientiousness: what level of compromising has with its life, but most important with his job.; extroversion: personality outward, how open can be a person in relation with other group of people; agreeableness: how nice and warm can a be a person, and vice versa; neuroticism: how a person can manage its emotions, it is the major factor of personality pathology.

The psychodynamic perspective created by Sigmund Freud includes all the theories in psychology that see human functioning based upon the interaction of drives and forces within the person, particularly unconscious between the different structures of the personality. He classified the level con consciousness in 3 different types such as: Conscious, preconscious and unconscious, the last two being not conscious because the personality of the person plays an important role and will define in the
future the way of how is going to behave.

The Humanistic Theory explained by Carl Rogers. First, Mr. Rogers talked about healthy development in terms of how the individual perceived their own being. A healthy individual will tend to see congruence between their sense of who they are (self) and who they feel they should be (ideal self). The second fundamental idea is Rogers's concept of the conditions for healthy growth, and the role of a therapist in fostering healthy growth. Through a process Rogers called person-centered therapy; the therapist seeks to provide empathy, openness, and unconditional positive regard.

Locus of control developed by Julian Rotter. Locus of Control refers to an individual's perception about the underlying main causes of events in his/her life. Or, more simply: “Do you believe that your destiny is controlled by yourself or by external forces (such as fate, god, or powerful others)?”

Organizational Behavior, National and Organizational Culture

http://www.google.com.co/imgres?imgurl=http://www.firehow.com/images/stories/users/683/organizational-culture.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.firehow.com/2010051814789/how-to-identify-an-organizations taken: September 8 of 2010

To We understand organizational behavior is important to disaggregate what is organizational culture, are the values, attitudes, customs, and beliefs that distinguish one organization from the others and these are passed on to all generations of the organization and differ from other cultures of the other organizations. These behaviors also are affected by both internal and external issues that influence the behavior of participants in organizational behavior, the most relevant aspects are anthropology, psychology and sociology.

Additionally, the complexity of human conduct is tied to two outlooks that define their senses travel towards group behavior: internal, which indicates the behavior according to the feelings, needs, past experiences, and their thoughts. The second is external l who suggests that behaviors are influenced by external environment such as the nature.

Organization

Organizations behave as a conglomeration of public systems where it can interact with the four internal components: people, structure, tasks that are the goals or mission of the group, and the technology that is knowledge of the group.

The organization may have two points of view depending on where you look, the viewed from the more visible as are the objectives, policies, mission, financial resources, etc. that would be the most formal way of a organization, or from more intimate where you could see the values, attitudes, beliefs, perception and the organization representing the more informal part of the company.

It is important to relate the behavior of organizations with the behavior of individuals who represent it. Any challenge or other external factors that will test the organization directly disturbed individuals in the organization that will be affected by all decisions made taken by the organization.

National culture is a factor is the flow directly into the organizational culture, for this reason it is important to study the national culture in understanding the external events that influence organizational culture.

External factors involve a detailed analysis on the decision making process in the organization, since these decisions are taken based on the reaction external facts as suppliers decision, competitors, religious aspects, the infrastructure of the country and others, that all decisions made are complex to the organizational.




http://www.thaiworldview.com/feast/maha.htm taken: September 8 2010


For these reasons, the conformation of a multicultural organization creates a comparative advantage to other organizations, as the complexity of outlets generate more point of views to achieve a possible solution.

A good tool for analyzing the national culture is the Hofstede's model, which gives a dimension of national culture and cites the five basic pillars: Power distance, Masculinity, Individualism, Context, Uncertain avoidance.